Influenza in Children and Adults

Gina Allen, FNP

What is the flu?
The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by the influenza A and influenza B viruses. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and may even lead to hospitalizations. Compared to the common cold, the flu comes on more suddenly and the symptoms are much more severe.

What symptoms are typical with the flu?
General symptoms of the flu include fever, chills, cough, mild sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headaches and fatigue. Though not as common, some people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea or belly tenderness. Some symptoms are more worrisome, like shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, changes in skin color, dizziness, confusion and high fevers. It’s recommended to see a medical professional or seek emergency services if experiencing these signs.

How is the flu treated?
An antiviral prescription called Tamiflu can decrease the length and severity of flu symptoms. However, it generally must be taken within the first two days of the onset of symptoms to be effective. Other than Tamiflu, symptomatic management is the best approach to treating the flu and its symptoms. This includes over-the-counter medications such as Tylenol or ibuprofen to help with fevers and body aches, cough suppressants and throat lozenges. It’s also important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids and keeping your strength up by eating nutritious foods.

How can you prevent the flu from spreading?
Washing your hands is one of the best ways to prevent the flu. Stay home if you’re sick to prevent others from becoming sick. By avoiding close contact, covering your mouth when you cough and cleaning surfaces and objects exposed to the flu, you can lower the chances of spreading the flu.

Gina Allen, FNP, is a board-certified family nurse practitioner at BJC Convenient Care located at 2630 Highway K in O’Fallon. BJC Convenient Care is open seven days a week from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. for patients age 2 and over. To learn more, visit BJCStCharlesCounty.org.

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